YDS DENEME 1

1. -22. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

1. All teenagers have _____; the problem is to teach them to exploit it to the best advantage.
A) destiny   B) compulsion
C) potential   D) preference
E) significance

2. Have they come to a _____ yet on whether to mOve to İzmir or stay in Antalya?
A) disturbance   B) suggestion
C) reversal   D) conflict
E) decision

3. Ireland is in the Atlantic Ocean and _____ from Great Britain by the Irish Sea.
A) established   B) occupied
C) placed   D) inhabited
E) separated

4. Geologists have _____ that Africa was once warmer and wetter than it is today.
A) explored   B) discovered
C) surveyed   D) searched
E) experimented

5. Australia, which is normally a grains exporting country, has started importing wheat and corn to meet a shortage resulting from a _____ drought.
A) widespread   B) reasonable
C) sustainable   D) secular
E) restrictive

6. After decades of speculation astronomers now have fairly _____ information concerning the basic features of our universe.
A) desperate   B) preventive
C) reluctant   D) accurate
E) respective

7. The meridians are _____ counted from the meridian of the observatory of Greenwich, in England, which is called the zero meridian.
A) traditionally   B) suitably
C) previously   D) notably
E) markedly

8. Finland, which is three times the size of Ohio, is _____ forested and contains thousands of lakes, numerous rivers and extensive areas of marshland.
A) mutually   B) exactly
C) heavily   D) currently
E) profoundly

9. He must have had some sound reasons for _____ such a rigid timetable.
A) setting out   B) drawing up
C) running up   D) turning off
E) looking into

10. It's a delightful novel, and the reader soon gets _____ in the lives of the characters as the story progresses.
A) caught up   B) found out
C) put out   D) turned over
E) fed up

11. The first people _____ non-stop round the world _____ captain James Gallagher and his crew.
A) to have flown / have been
B) being flown / are
C) to fly / were
D) to be flying / had been
E) having been flown / will be

12. The main difference _____ the comedy of ideas and other forms _____ comedy is that it does not depend on a situation for its humour.
A) about / in   B) through / for
C) between / of   D) over / from
E) with / at

13. Of course nobody knows what the outcome of the election _____, but at the moment Malcolm _____ as the most likely candidate.
A) would have been / is being regarded
B) is / has been regarded
C) was / would be regarded
D) will be / is regarded
E) has been / has been regarded

14. From the bored look on her face, it was obvious that she had no interest in any of the topics discussed, _____?
A) wasn’t it  B) hadn’t she
C) didn’t it  D) was she
 E) was it

15. Most newspapers are of the opinion that if a majority of Scots really _____ independence, the British Parliament has no option but _____ to their wishes.
A) did want / had acceded
B) wanted / have acceded
C) had wanted / would have acceded
D) do want / to accede
E) would have wanted / acceded

16. The Pop Star contest, which is organized _____ new talents, has attracted so much attention that other TV stations have soon realized that it is no use _____ to keep up with its high rates.
A) to discover/trying
B) discovering/to try
C) to discover/to try
D) to have discovered/having tried
E) being discovered/to have tried

17. The fact that all the system needs _____ regularly so as to prevent data loss makes the experts _____ that sooner or later there will be a failure unless the human interference is minimized.
A) updating/to feel
B) to have been updated/ being felt
C) to be updated/feel
D) having been updated/having felt
E) to update/feeling

18. The educators suggest that children _____ be brought up in a peaceful family environment so as to ensure their success at school in the later stages of their lives.
A) could  B) must
C) are to  C) might
 E) should

19. In the first days of the expedition they had great difficulty _____ the harsh weather conditions but after a short time they _____adjust as it had been expected.
A) to get used to/were able to
B) being used to/ succeeded in
C) to be used to/could
D) getting used to/managed to
E) to get used to/could

20. By 2002, Turkey _____ so many economic crisis that the recovery achieved today inevitably _____ doubts as to the reality of the scene.
A) had had/leads to
B) had/led to
C) has had/has led to
D) will have had/would lead to
E) has/will lead to

21. His desk cluttered _____ the term papers to be marked within two hours, the instructor regretted _____ so much work.
A) by/assigning
B) at/to have assigned
C) with/assigning
D) for/to be assigned
E) in/ being assigned

22. The preparations for the new year celebrations _____ better but the ones who _____ take care of everyting didn’t fulfil their responsibilities as the way they were asked.
A) should have been/was supposed to
B) would have been/are supposed to
C) may have been /were to
D) could have been/were supposed to
E) had to be/were able to

23.-27. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

Animals have always been in our lives. Dogs have been around us for thousands of years, and they’ve served as hunters and of course guards. Dogs, it seems, have always been easy to (23) _____. Obedience, and a desire to please, has really let the dog in for a subservient role with us. In the ancient Roman town of Pompeii, there is a house that bears the warning cave canem – ‘beware of the dog’. Apart from (24) _____ things, dogs are of course very good (25) _____ guiding people. The Romans (26) _____ have guide dogs for the blind – well, not exactly blind, but blind drunk. For when a Roman went on a pub crawl, he would take his dog with him to lead him home. He had nothing (27) _____ about, staggering home behind his dog, singing away, happy as Claudius.

23.
A) practise B) examine C) exercise
 D) train  E) entertain

24.
A) guard 
B) being guarded 
C) guarding
D) to guard
E) having guarded

25.
A) in  B) on  C) at
 D) with  E) by

26.
A) were used to  B) are used to
C) would  D) used to
E) got used to

27.
A) to worry
B) to have worried
C) having worried
D) worrying
E) having been worried

28.-32. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.

When 38-year-old Thomas Kent’s neighbours refused (28) _____ their TV down at two o’clock in the morning, he phoned the police. Half an hour later, the police had not arrived, so Mr Kent went to the apartment of pensioners George and May Tyler and asked  them again to turn the sound down. When the couple (who are both hard of hearing) rejected, he burst (29) _____ the house and put his foot through their TV. By the time the police finally (30) _____, he had also smashed a CD player, three radios and a second TV. Mr Kent’s wife said later, “This has been going on for months. We know they’re slightly deaf, but they don’t have to watch TV at that time of night. We did everything. We even tried (31) _____ them two sets of TV headphones, but they don’t use them.” Mr Kent spent yesterday (32) _____ by police.

28.
A) turning  
B) having turned
C) to be turned  
D) to turn
E) to have turned

29.
A) in  B) out  C) into
 D) against E) at

30.
A) have arrived
B) arrived
C) had arrived
D) would arrive
E) will have arrived

31.
A) buying
B) to buy
C) having bought
D) to have bought
E) to be thought

32.
A) questioning
B) to be questioned
C) to question
D) having been questioned
E) being questioned

33.-42. sorularda, yarım bırakılmış cümleleri en uygun biçimde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

33. Campaigns to promote energy conservation have been around since the 1980s _____.
A) so that there is still a long way to go before campaigners are satisfied
B) because it is a problem that until now has been largely overlooked
C) but it is only with the advent of global warming that the issue has really gained momentum
D) just as the next step requires a great deal of detailed planning
E) even though most industrialized countries have been strongly in favour of these campaigns

34. Some comets have such long orbits _____.
A) while some asteroids may be burnt-up comets
B) in case they come from a region outside the Solar System
C) since they are often visible from the Earth
D) that they pass near the Earth only once every million years
E) just as their dust tails stretch up to 10 million kilometres across the sky

35. Water softeners are particularly useful _____.
A) if you live in a hard-water area
B) that they remove chemicals and improve the taste
C) why London water is so hard
D) since the water contained a greater concentration of calcium
E) though electrical appliances require soft water

36. The personnel officer is looking for someone _____.
A) that they are willing to do a great deal of travelling
B) who has a real talent for organization
C) until he finds someone who really is suitable
D) since at present several positions are available
E) whether they have the right qualifications

37. This is actually a camera _____.
A) though it is roughly the same size as a credit card
B) if only I could afford to buy it
C) that unfortunately it doesn't have a zoom
D) since the shape was hardly recognizable
E) as we have been wondering about which one to buy
38. _____, it was not long before they could resume broadcasting.
A) If only their permit had been renewed
B) Once the fault in the system had been found
C) So long as the electrical supply remains stable
D) Since the maintenance team were on leave
E) However unwelcome the delay might be

39. When the four-thousand-year-old tomb was finally opened, _____.
A) the archaeologists had looked down into it in disbelief
B) there seems to be nothing in it of any interest at all
C) they have all looked at each other in amazement
D) the most exciting find was a set of surgical instruments
E) it would be a moment of unbearable suspense

40. _____ which was characterized by supreme self-confidence and great achievement.
A) The bombing of Dresden was widely criticized
B) Henry VIII was a typical Renaissance figure
C) The Great Pyramids were built in an age
D) The moon-landing gave rise to strange, new emotions
E) This climbing expedition in the Taurus mountains was a complete failure

41. _____ because she has the ability to make her audience find wildlife as fascinating as she does herself.
A) Such a development for the conservation of wildlife had not been expected
B) The television offers a wide variety of career opportunities for people interested in wildlife
C) The children didn't know what to expect
D) No one else could have presented the programme
E) A young television presenter of wildlife is rapidly becoming famous

42. As the salaries are related to achievements, _____.
A) few people were interested in working here
B) research at this institute is highly competitive
C) all the applicants would have been confident and ambitious
D) no one will have foreseen such a problem
E) standards continued to be impressively high

43.-46. sorularda, verilen cümlenin hangi sorunun cevabı olduğunu bulunuz.

43. “He is the best of all.”
A) What’s your opinion about her performance?
B) Do you believe that he will succeed in carrying out the task?
C) Where would you put him among the ones we have interviewed so far?
D) How many people partipated in the race?
E) Why does he look so excited?

44. “Because I forgot receiving it.”
A) Why were you so worried hearing that yesterday was the deadline?
B) What is the reason of your delayed attendance?
C) Where is the bill I’ve sent you to have a look?
D) Why did you go to the office and asked for the parcel again?
E) Why did you have to pay such a large amount?

45. “Yes. They promised to compensate.”
A) Did you manage to settle the conflict with the firm?
B) How was the disagreement between the companies solved?
C) Is it possible to convince them to make this up in such a short time?
D) Can we arrange another meeting just to give it another try?
E) What are they planning to do for the loss?

46. “I would be lost without them.”
A) Is your family scattered, or do they mostly live close together?
B) How important to you is your family?
C) Are you still in contact with your immediate relatives?
D) Would he rather live with or without his parents?
E) How did you feel while you were away from home?

47.-50. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümlenin Türkçe dengini bulunuz.

47. Whatever verdict the court gives, the public will always regard him as guilty.
A) Mahkemenin kararına rağmen, herkes onu hala suçlu olarak görüyor.
B) Mahkeme nasıl karar verirse versin, halk onu daima suçlu olarak görecek.
C) Herkesin onu suçlaması, mahkemenin vereceği kararı etkilemeyecek.
D) Onun suçu ile ilgili olarak mahkemenin vereceği kararı herkes merakla bekliyor.
E) Mahkeme ceza vermese bile, o yine de herkesin gözünde suçlu olacaktır.

48. In the post-war period higher education became one of the policy priorities for western governments.
A) Yükseköğretim, batılı hükümetler için ancak savaştan sonra siyasi özelliği olan bir konu oldu.
B) Yükseköğretim, ancak savaştan sonra batılı hükümetlerin üzerine öncelikle eğildikleri bir konu oldu.
C) Savaş sonrası dönemde, yükseköğretim batılı hükümetler için siyasi önceliklerden biri oldu.
D) Batılı hükümetlerin savaş sonrası siyasetlerinde yükseköğretim konusu önemli bir yer tutmaktadır.
E) Savaş sonrası dönemde, yükseköğretim, batılı ülkelerin en çok önem verdikleri konulardan biriydi.

49. Some people are able to adapt more easily to sudden changes in working conditions.
A) Bazı insanlar, çalışma koşullarındaki ani değişimlere daha kolay uyum sağlayabiliyor.
B) Çalışma koşullarında önemli gelişmeler yaparak, bazı insanların işe daha kolay uyum sağlanmasına olanak verilebilir.
C) Bazı insanların kolay uyum sağlamaları için çalışma koşullarının derhal değiştirilmesi gerekir.
D) Bazı insanların işlerine kolay uyum sağlamaları çalışma koşullarındaki köklü değişikliklere bağlıdır.
E) Bazı insanların çalışma koşullarına kolay uyum sağlayabilmeleri için değişiklik gerekebilir.

50. All through the 1970s many industrial countries experienced a serious energy crisis owing to the rapid rise in oil prices.
A) 1970'li yıllarda petrol fiyatlarındaki hızlı artış, en çok sanayi ülkelerinde enerji bunalımı yarattı.
B) 1970'lerde tüm sanayi ülkelerinde yaşanan ciddi enerji bunalımına petrol fiyatlarındaki hızlı artış yol açmıştır.
C) 1970'ler boyunca, pek çok sanayi ülkesi, petrol fiyatlarındaki hızlı artış nedeniyle ciddi bir enerji bunalımı yaşadı.
D) Sanayi ülkelerinde 1970'lerde yaşanan enerji bunalımının temel nedeni petrol fiyatlarındaki sürekli değişiklikti.
E) 1970'li yıllarda petrol fiyatlarındaki ani değişiklikler, sanayi ülkelerini ciddi bir enerji bunalımına sürükledi.

51. –54.  sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin İngilizce dengini bulunuz.

51. Dünyadaki pek çok havayolunun tersine, ''Blue Air'' bu yıl kar etmeyi gerçekten başarmıştır.
A) Unlike many of the world's airlines, ''Blue Air'' has actually managed to make a profit this year.
B) ''Blue Air'' is just one of the world airlines which has managed to make a substantial profit this year.
C) Very many of the world's airlines have, unlike ''Blue Air'', managed to make a good profit this year.
D) Even though there are so many world airlines, ''Blue Air'' has still managed to make a profit this year.
E) Contrary to what many world airlines have inferred, ''Blue Air'' really has made a profit this year.

52. Akdeniz ülkelerindeki uyuşturucu kaçakçılığı ile ilgili raporunuzu sundunuz mu?
A) Isn't your report concerning the drug trafficking across the Mediterranean due in yet?
B) Have you submitted your report concerning the drug trafficking in the Mediterranean countries yet?
C) Has your report on drug traffic to be submitted for consideration to the Mediterranean countries?
D) Haven't you been asked yet by the Mediterranean countries to submit a report on drug traffic?
E) Hasn't the subject of drug traffic in the Mediterranean countries been included in your report?

53. Rehinelerin başlangıçta korkulduğu kadar kötü muameleye tabi tutulmadığı anlaşılıyor.
A) Everyone presumed that the hostages would be badly treated and at first they were.
B) Apparently the first fear of the hostages was that they would be badly treated.
C) It is evident that the bad treatment of the hostages did not continue as at first they feared it would.
D) The hostages seemed to be afraid but actually they were not ill-treated.
E) It seems that the hostages were not so badly treated as was feared at first.

54. Başkan, yıllık toplantıyı açış konuşmasında harcamalarda kesinti yapılması gereğini vurguladı.
A) In his opening speech at the annual conference, the chairman will discuss ways of curtailing expenditure.
B) The chairman stressed at the annual conference that ways to reduce expenditure would have to be considered.
C) In his opening address at the annual conference, the chairman stressed the need to cut down on expenditure.
 D) The emphasis the chairman gave to cutting down on expenditure was well received at the annual conference.
E) The expenses of the annual conference, maintained the chairman in his speech, would have to be reduced.

55.-57. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Until recently, many archaeologists took the view that civilised communities first arose in Egypt, though only a very short time before a similar development in Mesopotamia; a more recent opinion is now that the earliest advances may have taken place in Mesopotamia. Whichever view is followed, it is necessary to bear in mind that geographical conditions in both regions were not identical, and it can in fact be stated that in Mesopotamia environmental factors were not as wholly favourable as in the valley of the Nile.

55. According to a more recent view, the beginnings of the development of civilization _____.
A) have only recently been a major preoccupation among archaeologists
B) were wrongly assumed to be in Mesopotamia
C) were apparently not affected by geographical conditions
D) in Egypt were greatly hampered by unfavourable environmental factors
E) seem to have occurred in Mesopotamia rather than, as once thought, in Egypt.

56. It is pointed out in the passage that the Nile valley and Mesopotamia _____.
A) have never attracted the attention of historians
B) were equally suitable for the rise of civilization
C) could not have been the home of our earliest civilizations
D) do not share the same geographical conditions
E) are no longer as fertile as they used to be in early times

57. From the passage we can understand that _____.
A) our opinions of early history may sometimes need to be revised
B) archaeologists have never regarded either Egypt or Mesopotamia as the cradles of civilization
C) geographical conditions play an important role in the decline of civilization
D) the early civilizations in Egypt and Mesopotamia were not similar at all
E) archaeology has not, until recently, been concerned with this part of the world

58. –60. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The effects of sleep loss are subject to a number of popular misconceptions. The belief that everyone must sleep 8 hours a night is a myth. According to the results of a recent survey on the subject, adults average about 7 to 7.5 hours of sleep per night, and many individuals function effectively with 5 to 6 hours of sleep. In fact, 20 percent of the population (slightly more in men) sleep less than 6 hours per night. Another significant fact is that sleep time decreases with age.

58. According to the passage, the popular assumption that eight hours of sleep per night is essential _____.
A) is only true for the elderly
B) has been supported by scientific evidence
C) is actually a fallacy
D) is only true for 20 percent of the population
E) is very rarely disputed

59. The survey referred to in the passage indicates that as people get older _____.
A) they sleep less and less
B) they require more sleep than formerly
C) their sleep time varies between 7 and 8 hours
D) they rarely sleep less than 7 hours
E) sleep loss ceases to be a problem

60. It is pointed out in the passage that a sleep time under 8 hours _____.
A) is not recommended in the survey
B) invariably leads to noticeable inefficiency
C) does not necessarily reduce a person's efficiency
D) causes a number of complications in old people
E) is common among women but not among men

61. –63. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The first universities developed in Europe in the 12th century. By 1600, Western Europe boasted 108 institutions of higher learning, many of which had obtained special privileges from existing regimes because of their close association with the Church. In most European countries, universities were designed primarily for the sons of nobility and gentry. Scholarly standards were low, and scholarship was irrelevant for most professions. Education for earning a livelihood in, say, medicine or law could be acquired after college by serving as an apprentice.

61. According to the passage, in the early years of the universities, _____.
A) most students wanted to train for a profession
B) the Church disapproved of much of their teaching
C) Western European governments were not at all interested in education
D) medicine was the most popular subject for study
E) the majority of students came from upper class families

62. It is pointed out in the passage that, since most of the early universities enjoyed the support of the Church _____.
A) state authorities granted them various rights
B) the number of students they admitted increased rapidly
C) the academic level of the education they offered was satisfactory
D) law naturally became one of the major subjects offered
E) the education offered was free of charge

63. As explained in the passage, real professional skills _____.
A) were taught during the university years
B) were normally acquired through a period of apprenticeship
C) gained importance in the universities only after 1600
D) were acquired by nearly all university students
E) were taught only to the children of nobility

64. –66. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Since early times it has been assumed that the actions of animals are unconscious. Behaviour, in this view, stems almost exclusively from instinct. If animals behave in ways that seem pretty clever, they do so without thinking about it. Animals may know things, the argument goes, but they don't know that they know. Or do they know? Recent research reports suggest a startling depth of intelligence among animals. Although no one can yet ''prove'' the existence of animal consciousness, the data offered make a compelling case for at least considering it.

64. It is pointed out in the passage that traditionally, animals are believed to _____.
A) behave not instinctively but logically
B) have an intelligence comparable with man's
C) imitate man in many ways
D) act on instinct
E) know exactly what they are doing

65. It is stated in the passage that modern research forces one to consider _____.
A) why animals behave differently under different circumstances
B) the possibility of intelligence in animals
C) the means by which animal behaviour can be improved
D) how animals can be made to acquire new skills
E) animals to be the equal of man in intelligence

66. The passage makes it quite clear that, in the light of modern research, our traditional assumptions about animal behaviour _____.
A) have been totally disproved
B) have been confirmed
C) have to be reconsidered
D) were indeed based on scientific fact
E) should never have been questioned

67.-69. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Ever since Nobel prize-winner Linus Pauling first advocated vitamin C as a common-cold war weapon more than 20 years ago, researchers have been busy trying to verify that claim. But so far, they've found little evidence that vitamin C prevents colds - in fact, there are more studies that say it doesn't. But there is evidence that it can keep coughing and sneezing to a minimum, and that low levels of vitamin C in the body may be related to bronchitis.

67. The passage makes the point that Dr Pailing's view as regards vitamin C _____.
A) has greatly improved the treatment of bronchitis
B) has caused a revolution in medical studies
C) aroused very little interest among medical experts
D) was based on the results of years of research
E) has not been verified scientifically

68. According to the passage, coughing and sneezing _____.
A) should be taken seriously and treated accordingly
B) are the early symptoms of bronchitis
C) are now being effectively treated without vitamin C
D) can be reduced with the help of vitamin C
E) do not respond to any treatment whatsoever

69. During the last two decades there has been a great deal of scientific effort made to _____.
A) convince the public of the dangers of vitamin C
B) prove that the common cold can be prevented by vitamin C
C) establish a connection between coughing and bronchitis
D) study the adverse effects of vitamin C
E) demonstrate how the body reacts to low levels of vitamin C

70. –72. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

''Human rights'' is a fairly new name for what was formerly called ''the rights of man''. It was Eleanor Roosevelt in the 1940s who promoted the use of the expression ''human rights'' when she discovered, through her work in the United Nations, that the rights of men were not understood in some parts of the world to include the rights of women. The ''rights of man'' at an earlier date had itself replaced the original term ''natural rights'' in part, perhaps, because the concept of natural law, with which the concept of natural rights was logically connected, had become a subject of controversy.

70. The passage explains the stages by which _____.
A) the United Nations carries out its procedures
B) Eleanor Roosevelt developed the idea of human rights
C) the term ''human rights'' came into use
D) the various ''rights of man'' came to be recognized
E) human rights are today being violated throughout the world

71. By referring to Eleanor Roosevelt, the author points out that, before the 1940s, the term ''the rights of man'' _____.
A) had always been used in connection with ''the rights of women''
B) had come under severe criticism
C) had long been a subject of controversy among politicians
D) had already become irrelevant in world politics
E) had often been misunderstood by some nations

72. It is pointed out in the passage that the disagreement over the concept of natural law _____.
A) was actually of no significance in many parts of the world
B) meant that the term ''natural rights'' was no longer acceptable
C) forced Eleanor Roosevelt to introduce the term ''human rights''
D) undermined the work of the United Nations
E) was closely connected with the growing recognition of the rights of women

73. –75. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Hector Hugh Munro was born in Burma, the son of a police inspector-general. His mother died when he was two, and he was sent home to Scotland to live with his relatives. His formal education ended with grammar school, but his father tutored him on extensive travels. In 1893, his father got him a post with the Burma police, but his delicate health forced his return to Britain. There he took up a career in writing, and it was while doing political sketches for The Westminster Gazette that he adopted the pen-name of Saki. After serving for a time as a foreign correspondent for The Morning Post, he returned to London to devote himself to the writing of stories and novels. When World War I began, he enlisted as an ordinary soldier in the army and was unfortunately killed in action in 1916.

73. We understand from the passage that Munro's father _____.
A) contributed a great deal to his son's education
B) did not want his son to work in Burma
C) was one of the founders of the Burmese police force
D) was a great traveller himself and encouraged his son to follow his example
E) tried to persuade his son not to join the army in World War I

74. It is pointed out in the passage that Munro _____.
A) commanded a unit of troops in World War I
B) adapted himself well to the climatic conditions of Burma
C) disappointed his father with his decision to return to England
D) was not only a journalist but also a writer of fiction
E) chose the name ''Saki'' because it was an easy name for his readers to remember

75. According to the passage, Munro, before he became a writer, _____.
A) worked as a journalist to cover events of World War I
B) spent all his time in Scotland with his relatives
C) travelled very little, but read extensively
D) enjoyed exceptionally good health
E) served, for some time, as a policeman

76. –80. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.

76. We couldn't help feeling disappointed when, after all our hard work, we had to close down the factory.
A) By working even harder we could, perhaps, have managed to keep the factory open.
B) If only we could have kept the factory going we wouldn't have felt that all our work had been wasted.
C) Since we'd put in so much effort it was inevitable that we should feel upset when we couldn't keep the factory going.
D) However hard we worked we could not have stopped them closing down the factory.
E) When the factory was closed down it obviously upset us, but there was nothing we could do about it.

77. You can rely on Pat to give you any help you may need.
A) Should you require any assistance, you can count on Pat for it.
B) If you need help of any kind, be sure to let Pat know.
C) Pat could have given you all the help you needed.
D) Let Pat know if you need any help with this.
E) Pat is the one to ask if you find you require any assistance.

78. She finally agreed to go with her little sister, but was clearly reluctant to do so.
A) She knew she had to take her young sister, but naturally she didn't want to.
B) It was obvious that she didn't want to accompany her young sister but in the end agreed to.
C) She couldn't refuse to take her little sister but made it clear she didn't want to.
D) She would have preferred not to go with her little sister but at last agreed to.
E) She couldn't promise to accompany her small sister though actually she wanted to.

79. Everyone will be extremely surprised if Mary doesn't win the race.
A) It is doubtful whether Mary will win the race.
B) It's hardly likely that Mary will win the race.
C) After all, Mary could have won the race.
D) It is almost certain that Mary will win the race.
E) Mary thinks she is going to win the race.

80. What can we do to convince him that the project is sure to succeed?
A) Why can't he admit that the success of the project is in doubt?
B) Why can't we persuade him that the scheme is sure to fail?
C) How should we go about persuading him that the success of the project is assured?
D) Why must he believe that the scheme is sure to succeed?
E) Doesn't he want us to believe that the project is sure to succeed?

81. –85. sorularda, parçada boş bırakılan yere uygun düşen ifadeyi bulunuz.

81. The Pitcairn Islanders in the Pacific were originally the mutineers of the ship Bounty. They took possession of the island of Pitcairn in 1790, and it was not until 1814 that their whereabouts were ascertained, accidentally, by a passing ship. ______ . In the course of years they increased so in numbers that they were too many for the island to support. Finally, in 1856 they were removed by the British Government to the much larger Norfolk island.
A) The Bounty was originally chartered to explore the Pacific islands and establish British colonies there
B) Actually, much of their history is still controversial and there is a considerable difference of opinion about their origin
C) Up to that date trade in the Pacific region had been their main occupation
D) The British Government sponsored a number of search projects, but all of them ended in failure
E) The mutineers, under their leader Adams, had settled in a communal existence and married Tahitian women.

82. At the beginning of this century, a group of writers from scattered mid-western towns came together in bustling, commercial Chicago. From the rough immediacy of the city, they forged a style that was distinctively and unsparingly realistic. _______ . In fact, the critics were soon to describe Chicago as the literary capital of the US.
A) Most of them, however, eventually moved away from Chicago
B) The 'Chicago Renaissance', fuelled by these writers, soon captured the attention of the rest of the nation
C) It is now a commonplace of literary criticism that there is a close relationship between cities and their writers
D) Chicago is indeed a city of absorbing contrast, and not least in the field of architecture
E) American realism differs in many obvious ways from European realism

83. Scientists around the world are developing the technology to make space tourism affordable. The most important step is cheap and reusable spacecraft. Other plans are even more adventurous. ______. Japanese airlines, on the other hand, are working on plans for a space liner or a sightseeing spaceship. So, it seems that, in the near future, space tourism will be a new experience for ordinary people.
A) Powering a spacecraft still requires vast amounts of fuel, which would make space tourism far too expensive
B) The general public do not seem to be interested in space matters
C) When tourists eventually start arriving in space, they will need somewhere to stay
D) For instance, an American firm is planning to build seven space stations served by 100 space shuttles
E) A spacecraft is still more than a flying bomb which can explode at any second

84. When Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in 1985, the Soviet Union had the only advanced economy that had not joined the computer age. As a result of this, Soviet-manufactured products found no customers in world markets. He realized that, to modernize the country, it was essential to permit the free exchange of scientific and technological ideas. _____.
A) He played a constructive role in the reduction of weapons of mass destruction
B) The average income, over the last five years, has dropped considerably
C) The process of industrialization, therefore, came to a halt
D) Any radical political change would obviously have encountered fierce opposition
E) This, indeed, was the policy he followed while he was in power

85. The most important idea of the 19th century was that everyone had the right to personal freedom, which was the basis of capitalism. This idea had spread widely through Adam Smith's book Wealth of Nations, written in the 18th century. _____. Fewer laws, they claimed, meant more freedom, and freedom for individuals would lead to happiness for the greatest number of people.
A) The British government at this time was reluctant to make use of his ideas
B) The result was a number of laws were passed to prevent people carrying guns
C) Obviously Adam Smith was well informed about working conditions in the factories
D) After Adam Smith, several capitalist economists argued that governments should not interfere in trade and industry at all
E) By the turn of the 20th century, capitalism had grown less popular outside England

86. –90. sorularda, verilen duruma uygun düşen ifadeyi bulunuz.

86. Last night you went, with high hopes, to a recital given by a well-known violinist, but you were very disappointed by his performance. Today in the office, when asked whether you had enjoyed the concert, you replied:
A) I thought the programme was very well chosen.
B) The violinist was, in every respect, superb.
C) The concert hall was extremely crowded.
D) Most people seemed to enjoy themselves.
E) It certainly did not come up to my expectations.

87. You wish to buy a certain flat but don't know the legal procedures involved. So you ask a lawyer friend of yours for help. You say:
A) Do you really think that flat is worth what they are asking for it?
B) I'm buying that flat I told you about. Could you come with me to help with the formalities?
C) Have I told you I am thinking about buying the flat under us?
D) I know exactly what formalities we have to go through.
E) In the long run this should be a good investment, don't you agree?

88. Owing to the economic recession, a number of people in your firm are going to be made redundant. On learning that you are not one of them you show your relief by saying:
A) Thank God I'm safe! I keep my job!
B) What a blow to all my hopes!
C) Let's get together and find a solution!
D) No one deserves such a job.
E) What a nuisance! Never mind, we'll manage.

89. Together with your colleagues, you are trying to organize an international conference. However there seems to be some disagreement about the dates for the conference. June has been suggested, but you feel this is too early. So you say:
A) June is fine. Shall we say the first week?
B) As far as I'm concerned, June is as good as any other month.
C) June is too late. Why don't we have the conference in May?
D) We can hardly get everything organized by June; let's leave it till September.
E) Let's vote on it. I'm for June. Who else wants June?

90. The board has been discussing the report concerning the bank's performance during the last year. As the chairman of the board you are of the opinion that, with a few minor changes, the report is acceptable to all members of the board. So you say:
A) Unless all these corrections are made the report cannot be forwarded.
B) I conclude that basically we all approve of the report but there are still one or two corrections to be made.
C) All those corrections will take up a lot of time.
D) Actually the report ignores certain very important issues.
E) Before we approve of the report let's discuss, in detail, what we hope to achieve by it.

91. –95. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmında söylenmiş olabilecek sözü bulunuz.

91. Peter : One mustn't forget that the West has contributed much to the development of the Third World.
Mark : _____
Peter : I suppose you are referring to the fact that the West is benefiting from an ever-expanding market for its goods.
Mark : Yes, I certainly am.
A) Nor should one forget that the Third World has also put a great deal of effort into its own development.
B) I still maintain that the reasons for this are philanthropic as well as political.
C) Yet, remember that in most Third World countries living conditions have got worse over recent decades.
D) True, but in my opinion the reasons have been largely mercenary
E) The rate of development in some of these countries has been disappointing.

92. Director:We're being hit badly by the recession.
Consultant: _____
Director:Well, what do you suggest?
Consultant: Boost the exports.
A) I know. And something must be done about it quickly.
B) Stop worrying! There's nothing we can do.
C) Yes, everyone is saying the same. Let's reduce the work force.
D) They should raise the interest rates at once.
E) I only hope there won't be another general strike.

93. Manager: The Annual Shareholders Meeting is coming up. So we must get prepared for it.
Secretary: That's true. How can I help?
Manager: _____
Secretary: Of course, that's easy. It will be ready by tomorrow.
A) Have the letters of invitation been sent out yet?
B) We'd better have a board meeting today.
C) I don't know. But there are likely to be a lot of complaints.
D) Get the usual statistical information ready for me.
E) I know many of the employees are expecting a sizeable rise in their wages.

94. Client: What are the chances of winning the case?
Lawyer: _____
Client: Do you mean the chances are slight?
Lawyer:Well, I can't say I'm very hopeful.
A) If I were you I wouldn't let it worry me so much.
B) So long as nothing surprising happens, all should be well.
C) The document we have submitted contain strong evidence in our favour.
D) Don't worry, I've handled plenty of cases like this.
E) Well, a lot depends on the testimony of the witnesses.

95. Interviewer: Have you worked in this kind of job before?
Candidate: Yes, once, during my summer vacation.
Interviewer: _____
Candidate: No, I haven't, but I do have professional qualifications and enthusiasm.
A) So, really you haven’t got much experience.
B) In that case you're the sort of person we are looking for.
C) Tell me about your work background in more detail.
D) Did you enjoy the work you did?
E) Then you may know my brother; he was the managing director there.

96. –100. sorularda, anlam bakımından hangi cümlenin parçaya uymadığını bulunuz.

96. (I) The film industry is going through bad times. (II) This is partly because studio heads are out-of touch with their audiences. (III) Television offers no serious competition against the film industry. (IV) It seems that they don't appreciate that adult audiences want movies they can talk about. (V) The audience also want to be taken to places they've never been to.
A) I     B) II     C) III     D) IV     E) V

97. (I) Banking services in Hungary are expected to improve dramatically this year. (II) The installation of a computerized interbank settlement system will greatly aid this. (III) Typical banking transactions on the new network will take less than two minutes. (IV) Consequently no scheme for keeping down inflation has been forthcoming. (V) Further the capacity of the services will increase threefold.
A) I     B) II     C) III     D) IV     E) V

98. (I) The neuromuscular disorder known as ALS strikes 5.000 Americans each year. (II) The disease involves the progressive death of motor neurons. (III) Some families are even more susceptible to the other condition. (IV) As the condition advances sufferers lose the ability to speak, to swallow and finally to breath. (V) Few of them survive more than five years.
A) I     B) II     C) III     D) IV     E) V

99. (I) Today the West is in the grip of a second industrial revolution. (II) The first caused a shift from agriculture to industry. (III) One solution to the problem of unemployment thus became apparent. (IV) The new revolution is shifting the economy away from traditional manufacturing industries to those based upon information, services and new technologies. (V) Naturally one can't help wondering whether there'll be a third industrial revolution in the future.
A) I     B) II     C) III     D) IV     E) V

100. (I) Obviously oil imports haven't put a great strain on the national budget. (II) Inflation has become one of the country's most important economic problems. (III) This is because it generates instability in the economy. (IV) This in turn reduces capital investment which harms productivity and leads to a decline in living standards. (V) Thus there is a chain process which is hard to break.
A) I     B) II     C) III     D) IV     E) V

TEST BİTTİ
YANITLARINIZI KONTROL EDİNİZ

KEY

1. C  51. A
2. E  52. B
3. E  53. E
4. B  54. C
5. A  55. E
6. D  56. D
7. A  57. A
8. C  58. C
9. B  59. A
10. A  60. C
11. C  61. E
12. C  62. A
13. D  63. B
14. A  64. D
15. D  65. B
16. A  66. C
17. C  67. E
18. E  68. D
19. D  69. B
20. A  70. C
21. C  71. E
22. D  72. B
23. D  73. A
24. C  74. D
25. C  75. E
26. D  76. C
27. A  77. A
28. D  78. B
29. C  79. D
30. B  80. C
31. A  81. E
32. E  82. B
33. C  83. D
34. D  84. E
35. A  85. D
36. B  86. E
37. A  87. B
38. E  88. A
39. D  89. D
40. C  90. B
41. E  91. D
42. B  92. A
43. C  93. D
44. D  94. E
45. A  95. A
46. B  96. C
47. B  97. D
48. C  98. C
49. A  99. C
50. C  100. A